Camel 4MID® Kit (proAKAP4 marker)

- Overview
  - The Camel 4MID® Kit (Ref. 4VDX-19K11) contains all reagents and buffers required for the quantification of proAKAP4 protein in sperm of camelids (all breeds).
    
    This ELISA Kit is the 1st functional test to evaluate sperm quality in camelids.
    
    The concentration of the proAKAP4 protein is a good indicator of sperm quality and of how the spermatozoa can keep its motility high and efficient up to fecundation (Sergeant et al., 2019 ; Malo et al. 2021)
    
    High concentrations of proAKAP4 help select semen with long lasting motility and are indicative of good spermatogenesis, giving more mature, more “normal’ spermatozoa and less tail abnormalities ratio in semen samples (Sergeant et al. 2019 ; Malo et al. 2031 ; Bastan et Askay, 2021).
    
    Please contact us at for specific academic pricing.
    
    Background
    
    ProAKAP4 (A–kinase anchor protein 4) has been described over the last decade as a functional marker of spermatozoa. This key protein is largely conserved between species and its specific regulation during spermatogenesis seems essential to increase success rate in artificial insemination settings. Recent cross species analyses have identified the potential use of proAKAP4 as a pertinent biomarker of overall semen quality in clinical settings. In terms of structure, proAKAP4 is a precursor polypeptide that must be converted by motile and alive spermatozoa in mature AKAP4 that consequently will dock and coordinate the core transduction signals regulating sperm functionality, i.e motility, capacitating and fertility.
    
    1. Luconi M, Cantini G, Baldi E, et al. Role of A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) in reproduction. Front Biosci. 2011;16:1315–1330.
    2. Sergeant N, Briand-Amirat L, Bencharif D, et al. The sperm specific protein proAKAP4 as an innovative marker to evaluate sperm quality and fertility. Journal of Dairy and Veterinary Science. 2019;11:01‒19.
    3. Delehedde M, Blommaert D, Jouy N, et al. Concentration of proAKAP4 as a pertinent read-out of sperm quality in mammals. Animal Rep Sci. 2018;194:224.
    4. Delehedde M, Demouveaux B, Remy G, Selleslagh M et al. ProAKAP4 concentrations as an indicator of good spermatogenesis and sperm quality under oxidative stress conditions. Andrology. 2019;7(1):86.
    
    More Details
    
    4MID® ProAKAP4 ELISA Kits
- Properties
  - Details
    
    SPECIFICITY: Camel proAKAP4 (all breeds)
    ANALYTICAL RANGE: 0 ng to 100 ng
    SAMPLE TYPE: fresh, chilled and frozen semen / isolated spermatozoa
    
    * Research Use Only Product (RUO) / Not for Diagnosis or Therapeutic Use.
- Applications
  - Application
    
    ELISA
    
    Application Description
    
    The Camel 4MID® Kit is a robust immunoassay to quantify proAKAP4 protein in camel sperm samples as a biomarker of sperm quality and male fertility.
    This ELISA kit allows to assess from 1 to 88 samples simultaneously or individually (12 breakable strips of 8 wells per 96 wells microplate / per kit).
- Reference
  - Malo C, Carracedo S, Delehedde M, Sergeant N and Skidmore L (2021) Identification of proAKAP4 in Dromedary sperm and their correlation with monthly semen parameters. Reproduction & Fertility. Vol.2(4):268-279.
    Carracedo S, Briand-Amirat L, Dordas-Perpinyà M, Ramos Escuredo Y, Delcombel R, Sergeant N and Delehedde M (2022) ProAKAP4 protein marker: towards a functional approach to male fertility. Animal Reproduction Science. Vol.247(107074):1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107074
    Riesco MF, Neila-Montero M, Palacín-Martínez C, Montes-Garrido R, Álvarez R; Boixo JC; De Paz P and Anel L and Anel-López L (2022) Establishment of innovative biomarkers to optimize cooling and cryopreservation protocols in ram sperm. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. Vol. 57(1):101.
    Dordas-Perpinya M, Yanez I, Catalan J, Eddarkaoui S, Delehedde M, Sergeant N, Bruyas JF, Briand-Amirat L, and Miró J (2022) ProAKAP4 concentrations in stallion and donkey: Comparison with kinetic parameters, motility and concentration. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. Vol. 57(1):61.
    Kowalczyk A, Gałeska E and Bubel A (2022) The concentration of proAKAP4 and other indicators of cryopotential of spermatozoa cryopreserved in extender with holothuroidea extract addition. Animals. Vol. 12:521.
    Bastan I and Akcay E (2021) Quality assessment of frozen bull semen with the precursor A-kinase anchor pro-tein 4 biomarker. Andrologia e14164.
    Riesco M, Anel-Lopez L, Neila-Montero M, Palacin-Martinez C, Montes-Garrido R, Alvarez M, de Paz P, Anel L (2020) ProAKAP4 as Novel Molecular Marker of Sperm Quality in Ram: An Integrative Study in Fresh, Cooled and Cryopreserved Sperm. Biomolecules. 10(7):1046. doi: 10.3390/biom10071046.
    Sergeant N, Briand-Amirat L, Bencharif D and Delehedde M (2019) The Sperm Specific Protein ProAKAP4 as an innovative marker to evaluate sperm quality and fertility. Journal of Dairy & Veterinary Sciences. Vol. 11:01-19.
    Delehedde M, Carracedo S, Selleslagh M, et al. ProAKAP4 polypeptide as a biomarker of sperm functionality and male fertility disorders. Int J Gynecol and Reprod Sci. (2019);2(1):13-19.
    Nixon B, Bernstein I, Cafe SL, Delehedde M, Sergeant S, Eamens AL, Lord T, Dun MD, De Iuliis GN and Bromfield EG (2019b) A Kinase Anchor Protein 4 is vulnerable to oxidative adduction in male germ cells. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology – Vol. 7:319.
    Blommaert D, Sergeant N, Delehedde M, Jouy N, Mitchell V, Franck T, Donnay I, Lejeune JP and Serteyn D (2019b) Expression, localization, and concentration of A-kinase anchor protein 4 (AKAP4) and its precursor (proAKAP4) in equine semen: Promising marker correlated to the total and progressive motility in thawed spermatozoa. Theriogenology. Vol. 131:52-60.
    Delehedde M, Blommaert D, Jouy N, Scabello J, Miersman H, Franck T, Serteyn D, Mitchell V and Sergeant S (2018) Concentration of proAKAP4 as a pertinent read-out of sperm quality in mammals. Animal Reproduction Science. Vol. 194:24.
    Sergeant N, Jumeau F, Eddarkaoui S, Sigala J, Dossou GF, Delehedde M, Buee L, Yvoz JF and Mitchell V (2016) Investigating proteomic methods and tools to assess sperm quality. Animal Reproduction Science. Vol. 169:99-135.
    Luconi M, Cantini G, Baldi E and Forti G (2011) Role of A-kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) in reproduction. Frontiers in Bioscience. Vol. 16:1315-1330.
    Miki K, Goulding EH, Fulcher KD, Eddy E, Willis WD and Brown PR (2002) Targeted disruption of the AKAP4 gene causes defects in sperm flagellum and motility. Developmental Biology. Vol. 248:331-342.

Camel 4MID® Kit (proAKAP4 marker)

Camel 4MID® Kit (proAKAP4 marker)

Background

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