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Overview
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Observed MW: 43kDa
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Background
Regulatory subunit of the ATP-dependent NoRC-1 and NoRC-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complexes, which form ordered nucleosome arrays on chromatin and facilitate access to DNA during DNA-templated processes such as DNA replication, transcription, and repair. Both complexes regulate the spacing of nucleosomes along the chromatin and have the ability to slide mononucleosomes to the center of a DNA template. Directly stimulates the ATPase activity of SMARCA5 in the NoRC-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex. The NoRC-1 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex has a lower ATP hydrolysis rate than the NoRC-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex. Within the NoRC-5 ISWI chromatin remodeling complex, mediates silencing of a fraction of rDNA by recruiting histone-modifying enzymes and DNA methyltransferases, leading to heterochromatin formation and transcriptional silencing (By similarity. In the complex, it plays a central role by being recruited to rDNA and by targeting chromatin modifying enzymes such as HDAC1, leading to repress RNA polymerase I transcription (By similarity. Recruited to rDNA via its interaction with TTF1 and its ability to recognize and bind histone H4 acetylated on 'Lys-16' (H4K16ac, leading to deacetylation of H4K5ac, H4K8ac, H4K12ac but not H4K16ac (By similarity. Specifically binds pRNAs, 150-250 nucleotide RNAs that are complementary in sequence to the rDNA promoter; pRNA-binding is required for heterochromatin formation and rDNA silencing (By similarity.
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