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Overview
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Programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) also known as cluster of differentiation (CD274) or B7 homolog1 (B7‐H1) is a type 1 transmembrane protein involved in the regulation of cellular and humoral immune responses. The interaction of PD‐L1 with its receptor PD‐1 provides both stimulatory and inhibitory signals in regulating T cell activation and tolerance during pregnancy, tissue allografts, autoimmune disease andmalignant transformation. The binding of PD‐L1 to PD‐1 induces apoptosis or exhaustion in activated T cells, and blockade of this interaction has been shown to enhance the antitumor activity ofT cells. PD‐L1 is frequently over expressed in placenta, and many human tumors such as melanoma, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, and carcinomas of the lung, bladder, breast, kidney and colon.
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Overview