5-Methyl-dCTP

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Background

5-Methyl-dCTP is a base modified deoxynucleotide. Methylation of the C-5 position of cytosines is a common and important epigenetic modification, with more than 4% of the cytosines present in the human genome reported to be methylated. This modification can be incorporated into DNA via the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 5-methyl-dCTP instead of dCTP. The ability to synthesize a defined, fully 5-methyl-dCTP-substituted DNA by PCR will be a valuable resource for a variety of applications including testing restriction endonucleases for methyl sensitivity and determining the specificity of 5-methyl-dCTP-dependent endonucleases. In addition, electroporation of 5-methyl-dCTP into living cells can also be incorporated into genomic DNA, and heritably alter cytosine methylation patterns and gene expression.

1. Kumar S, Chinnusamy V, Mohapatra T. Epigenetics of Modified DNA Bases: 5-Methylcytosine and Beyond. Frontiers in Genetics, 2018, 9: 640.
2. Wong KK, McClelland M. PCR with 5-methyl-dCTP replacing dCTP. Nucleic Acids Research, 1991, 19(5): 1081-1085.
3. Lao VV, Herring JL, Kim CH, Darwanto A, Soto U, Sowers LC. Incorporation of 5-chlorocytosine into mammalian DNA results in heritable gene silencing and altered cytosine methylation patterns. Carcinogenesis, 2009, 30(5): 886-893.