2,4-DPD

- Overview
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    Background
    
    2,4-DPD is a cell permeable, competitive inhibitor of the oxygen-sensing enzyme HIF-α prolyl hydroxylase (HIF-PH) [1]. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a transcription factor with a key role in cellular responses to hypoxia in a variety of organisms. The HIF system plays an important role in angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, energy utilization, glucose/energy metabolism, tumour development, and ischaemic/hypoxic disease. Genetic or pharmacological inactivation of the HIF hydroxylases results in a constitutive activation of the HIF pathway with little or even absent regulation by oxygen remaining. The oxygen-sensing enzyme HIF-α prolyl hydroxylase catalyzes hydroxylation of specific prolyl and asparaginyl residues in the regulatory HIF-α subunits [2].Exposure to 2,4-DPD limited prolyl 4-hydroxylase activity in C. elegans., where their esters are hydrolyzed to form competitors of a -ketoglutarate. 2,4-DPD showed dramatic effects among the progeny. When exposed to a high level of 2,4-DPD (2.7 mM), all progeny died regardless of genotype of C. elegans. The dead embryos arrested at the twofold stage [1].
    
    [1] Friedman L, Higgin J J, Moulder G, et al. Prolyl 4-hydroxylase is required for viability and morphogenesis in Caenorhabditis elegans[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2000, 97(9): 4736-4741.
    [2] Schofield C J, Ratcliffe P J. Signalling hypoxia by HIF hydroxylases[J]. Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 2005, 338(1): 617-626.
- Properties
  - Alternative Name
    
    2,4-Diethylpyridine dicarboxylate; 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, diethyl ester
    
    CAS Number
    
    41438-38-4
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C11H13NO4
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    223.2
    
    Appearance
    
    A solution in ethanol. To change the solvent, simply evaporate the ethanol under a gentle stream of nitrogen and immediately add the solvent of choice.
    
    Purity
    
    98.00%
    
    Solubility
    
    ≤50mg/ml in ethanol;20mg/ml in DMSO;30mg/ml in dimethyl formamide
    
    Storage
    
    Store at -20°C
    
    * For Research Use Only

2,4-DPD

Background

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