1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) Assay

Assay Principle
1,5-AG assay uses the enzyme pyranose oxidase (PROD) to oxidize the 2nd position hydroxyl group of 1,5-AG and to detect the generated hydrogen peroxide by colorimetry using peroxidase (POD). To eliminate reactive glucose in sample, it is pretreated by enzymatic reactions using hexokinase and pyruvate kinase (PK). Hexokinase uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to convert glucose into non-reactive glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P), generating adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The reaction is driven to completion with PK, as ADP is phosphoralated to ATP during the conversion of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) into pyruvate.

Features
1,5-AG reflects hyperglycemia above the renal threshold over the preceding 1-2 weeks which is complimentary to HbA1c and Glycated Serum Protein determinations. The test provides a useful, unique perspective of patient's recent hyperglycemic excursions, which may not be evident from standard glycemic markers. Hyperglycemic excursions may be associated with glycemic variability, which can be investigated through more frequent self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).

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