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Overview
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Background
Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) are responsible for protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitoribosomes are composed of a 4:1 ratio of protein to RNA, with the proteins forming two subunits, the 28S subunit and the 39S subunit. Across species, the proteins that make up the mitoribosome subunits vary greatly in sequence, preventing easy recognition by sequence homology. MRP-L14 (mitochondrial ribosomal protein L14), also known as L14mt, MRPL32 or RMPL32, is a 145 amino acid protein that localizes to mitochondria, where it exists as a component of the 39S ribosomal subunit and works in conjunction with other MRPs to mediate protein synthesis. Belonging to the ribosomal protein L14P family, MRP-L14 is located on human chromosome 6, which contains 170 million base pairs and comprises nearly 6% of the human genome.
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Overview