Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6 (TCL6) (lncRNA TCL6) immune-system regulation is something to be exploited for cancer therapy? Cancers are also made and treated with immunity, and lncRNA activity could be involved in immune defence. lncRNA TCL6 might impact the immune system to detect and kill cancer cells by changing the function and function of immune cells (T-cells, B-cells, macrophages, etc.). lncRNA TCL6 can influence the immune response to tumour cells by modulating immune signalling circuitry that determines whether immune cells are activated, proliferative and releasing cytokines. lncRNA TCL6 could regulate immune escape and immunosuppression in tumours, through regulation of immune cell invasion and inflammatory response within the tumor microenvironment, and in this way may help to develop and cure cancer. If lncRNA TCL6 has an immune system regulation role, then using it as a cancer target could provide a possibility for new immunotherapy. Studying in detail the way lncRNA TCL6 works in immune regulation can help identify novel cancer targets and enhance the effectiveness and safety of immunotherapy.
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Physiological Activity of lncRNA TCL6
Regulating Gene Expression
lncRNA TCL6 can affect gene expression by binding to them, changing the way cells work and behave.
Regulating Cell Signaling Pathways
The lncRNA TCL6 could play a role in modulating the signalling within and outside cells, and therefore in regulation of the cell's growth, differentiation and death processes.
Cell Nucleocytoplasmic Localization
TCL6 lncRNA can have a specific function in the nucleus or cytoplasm, controlling cell transcription or anything else biological.
Interaction with Proteins
The lncRNA TCL6 can also crosstalk with proteins to modify the activity or stability of those proteins, which modulates the physiological functions of cells.
lncRNA TCL6-related Targets
lncRNA TCL6: Potentially Efficient ccRCC Cells Biomarker
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most widespread renal cell carcinoma and causes 70-80 % of all renal tumours. This cancer was called ccRCC, as the cells are clear with white cytoplasm and large nuclei, which sets it apart from other kidney cell carcinomas. Hematuria, flank aches and abdominal masses occur as the tumour expands. ccRCC metastasis is standing in the way of significant cure. lncRNA TCL6 (T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 6): TCL6 is a long non-coding RNA that expresses differently in different types of tumours. If renal cancer tissues and cell lines overexpress TCL6, then this may be a sign that renal cancer is formed. In tissues and cells of kidney cancers, Lnc TCL6 was notably underregulated, while miR-155-5p (hereinafter miR-155) was notably overregulated. lnc TCL6 is a tumour suppressor of renal cancer and its overexpression disrupts the Src-Akt metastatic cascade via STAU1-driven Src mRNA decay. lnc TCL6 and miR-155: Possible biomarkers for the inhibition of Src-Akt-driven advanced renal cancer. lncRNA TCL6 overexpression could be involved in infection and renal cancer too. It might even have to do with the regulation of biological phenomena such as tumour cell proliferation, dissemination, invasion and the tumor microenvironment.
lncRNA TCL6: Potentially Efficient Breast Cancer Biomarker
Further investigation has focused on lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) because of their cancerogenicity. lncRNAs control gene expression, genetic imprinting, chromatin remodeling, transcription and post-translational processing. TCL6 mediates immune mechanisms such as Janus kinase-signal transducer of transcription activator. lncRNA TCL6 is immune-infiltrating and could be a potential molecular predictor of breast cancer. lncRNA TCL6 associated with immune cell invasion, TIL invasion and PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4 immune checkpoint proteins in breast cancer. The lncRNA TCL6 turned out to provide new therapy for breast cancer patients.
Fig. 1 lncRNA TCL6 expression in breast cancer tissues (Zhang, Y., et al. 2020).
lncRNA TCL6:Potentially Efficient Preeclampsia Biomarker
lncRNA TCL6 is a marker of grade of preeclampsia. So there is some predictive or diagnostic power in lncRNA TCL6 in eclampsia. Eclampsia is a very serious pregnancy disorder, often occurring late in pregnancy, and showing itself as high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema. So identifying and diagnosing eclampsia early is key to maternal and infant health, so good biomarkers are key. And the expression of TCL6 was dramatically greater in early-onset preeclampsia than in late-onset preeclampsia. This ROC curve with 0.7700 area under the ROC for discriminating SPE group from MPE group was 75.4% sensitive and 66.7% specific. Expression of lncRNA TCL6 also could predict eclampsia risk (and might be used as a risk indicator to screen for eclampsia in pregnant women). Expression profile of lncRNA TCL6 would provide better diagnostic and therapeutic evidence for eclampsia diagnosis and monitoring.
LNCTCL6 TCL6 Expected to Become a Potential Biomarker for Various Diseases
IncRNAs might be involved in cancer immune biology: antigen-presenting, immune activation, immune cell invasion. Some lncRNAs are breast cancer predictors and targets (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, graded preeclampsia, breast cancer). TCL6: lncRNA regulates B cells, CD8+T cells, CD4+T cells, neutrophils and DCs. lncRNA TCL6 also is associated with TIL invasion, immune checkpoint molecules PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and CTLA-4.
References
- Wang, H., et al. Expression and clinical significance of lncRNA TCL6 in serum of patients with preeclampsia. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2022, 23(1): 1-8.
- Zhang, Y., et al. lncRNA TCL6 correlates with immune cell infiltration and indicates worse survival in breast cancer. Breast Cancer. 2020, 27: 573-585.
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