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Overview
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CD86 is a costimulatory molecule expressed on a broad spectrum of leukocytes, including B lymph ocytes, T lymph ocytes, thioglycollate-induced peritoneal macrophages, dendritic cells and astrocytes. CD86 is expressed at low levels by freshly explanted peripheral B and T cells, and its expression is substantially increased by a variety of T cell- and B cell-specific stimuli with a peak expression after 18-42 hours of culture. In contrast to most naive CD4+ T cells, memory CD4+ T cells express B7-2, both at the mRNA and protein level. CD86, a ligand for CD28 and CD152 (CTLA-4), is one of the accessory molecules that plays an important role in T cell-B cell costimulatory interactions. It has been shown to be involved in immunoglobulin class-switching and triggering of mouse NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity. CD80 (B7-1) is an alternate ligand for CD28 and CD152 (CTLA-4). GL1 antibody reportedly blocks MLR and stimulation of T cells by natural antigen-presenting cells. In addition, a mixture of anti-B7-1 and anti B7-2 (GL1) mAbs reportedly inhibits the in vitro interaction of CTLA-4 with its ligand and the in vivo priming of cytotoxic T lymph ocytes.
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