Name: 2-hydroxy Flutamide
Price: 244.00 USD

- Overview
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    Background
    
    2-hydroxyFlutamide is an androgen receptor (AR) inhibitor [1]. The androgen receptor has been implicated in the development and progression of prostate cancer. AR is expressed in many androgen-independent or hormone refractory prostate cancers and is maintained throughout prostate cancer progression. Inactivation of AR may delay prostate cancer progression [2].2-hydroxyFlutamide is the major metabolite of flutamide generated during the metabolism of the non-steroidal antiandrogen flutamide by CYP1A2 and CYP3A4. Flutamide is an antiandrogenic drug which has been widely used for treatment of prostate cancer. 2-hydroxyflutamide could inhibit flutamide metabolism. In cells, increased conversion of flutamide to 2-hydroxyflutamide or accumulation of 2-hydroxyflutamide may result in the anomalous responses to flutamide, which can be observed in some advanced prostate cancers [3]. 2-hydroxy flutamide blocked the expression of AR target genes and prevented androgen-dependent stabilization of the AR [1]. 2-hydroxyFlutamide was a more powerful antiandrogen in vivo, with higher binding affinity for the AR than flutamide. In humans, hydroxyflutamide exhibited an elimination halflife of about 8 h [3].
    
    [1] Kolvenbag G, Furr B J A, Blackledge G R P. Receptor affinity and potency of non-steroidal antiandrogens: translation of preclinical findings into clinical activity[J]. Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases, 1998, 1: 307-314.
    [2] Heinlein C A, Chang C. Androgen receptor in prostate cancer[J]. Endocrine reviews, 2004, 25(2): 276-308.
    [3] Shet M S, McPhaul M, Fisher C W, et al. Metabolism of the antiandrogenic drug (Flutamide) by human CYP1A2[J]. Drug metabolism and disposition, 1997, 25(11): 1298-1303.
    [4] Gao W, Kim J, Dalton J T. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nonsteroidal androgen receptor ligands[J]. Pharmaceutical research, 2006, 23(8): 1641-1658.
- Properties
  - Alternative Name
    
    Hydroxyniphtholide,SCH 16423; 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-[4-nitro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-propanamide
    
    CAS Number
    
    52806-53-8
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C11H11F3N2O4
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    292.2
    
    Appearance
    
    A crystalline solid
    
    Purity
    
    98.00%
    
    Solubility
    
    ≤25mg/ml in ethanol;25mg/ml in DMSO;25mg/ml in dimethyl formamide
    
    Storage
    
    Store at -20°C
    
    * For Research Use Only