Mitomycin C

- Overview
  - Mitomycin C is a bacteriocidal methylazirinopyrroloindoledione antineoplastic antibiotic isolated Streptomyces spp.
    
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    Background
    
    Mitomycin C is activated by reduction in vivo , generating oxygen radicals which produce crosslinks in DNA by alkylation. The Mitomycin C itself does not react with DNA. Rather, upon reduction of the quinone, a transformation ensues, and the aziridine ring opens to product the unstable vinylogous quinone methide 2, which has high alkylating reactivity.
    It has high efficiency and specificity for CpG sequences, and these sequences are very rare in the mammalian genome, thus mammalian DNA is crosslinked relatively poorly. This mechanism ultimately inhibits DNA synthesis. It can also cause mutagenesis and stimulate genetic recombination, chromosome breakage, and sister chromatid exchange.
- Properties
  - CAS Number
    
    50-07-7
    
    Molecular Formula
    
    C15H18N4O5
    
    Molecular Weight
    
    334.33
    
    Appearance
    
    Violet blue crystal
    
    Solubility
    
    Water: Soluble
    
    Other Properties
    
    Source: Streptomyces caespitosus
    Water Content (Karl Fischer): ≤2.5%
    PH: 6.0-7.5
    Melting Point: 360°C
    
    Storage
    
    2-8°C
    
    * For research use only
- Applications
  - Application Description
    
    Spectrum: Mitomycin C is broad-spectrum, effective for Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
    
    Cancer Applications: The antiproliferative effects of Mitomycin C may have a role in treating cancer as it was shown to inhibit the progression of dermal Kaposi's sarcoma post renal transplantation. Since only 5% of all guanines in the mammalian genome are present in CpG islands, it isn’t optimally designed for killing tumor cells. However, retaining this cross-linking ability but altering the sequence specificity could allow the design of more efficacious anti-tumor properties (Tomasz, 1995).